In struts , their is no facility of backward flow. Suppose we are in page 1 and when we submit it calls action mapping page2.Their may be lot of variable stored in session , which is available to page2.Now we wish to go page1 from page 2, for this... Read More

# The DynaActionForm bloats up the Struts config file with the xml based definition. This gets annoying as the Struts Config file grow larger. # The DynaActionForm is not strongly typed as the ActionForm. This means there is no compile time... Read More

Struts is a open source implementation of MVC design pattern to develop large scale web applications.Struts framework makes it easier to design realible,scalable web applications in java.Struts is not only thread safe but also thread dependent.It... Read More

we will define the action servlet in web.xml and <url-pattern> as *.do for mapping the requests which ends with .do , but we dont write the doget and dopost methods as we write in normal servlets. Main function of action servlet is to process... Read More

DispatchAction is specialized child of Struts Action class. It combines or group the methods that can further access the bussiness logic at a single place. The method can be anyone from CRUD [Create,Retrieve,Update or Delete] or it can be security... Read More

As part of Struts FrameWork we can decvelop the Action Servlet,ActionForm servlets(here ActionServlet means which class extends the Action class is called ActionServlet and ActionFome means which calss extends the ActionForm calss is called the... Read More

ava technologies give developers a serious boost when creating and maintaining applications to meet the demands of today's public Web sites and enterprise intranets. Struts combines Java Servlets, Java ServerPages, custom tags, and message... Read More

The new features added to Struts 1.1 are 1. RequestProcessor class 2. Method perform() replaced by execute() in Struts base Action Class 3. Changes to web. xml and struts-config.xml 4.Declarative exception handling 5.Dynamic ActionForms 6... Read More

Struts exception handling can be done by two ways: 1. Declarative (using struts features via struts-config.xml) <global-exceptions> <exception type="hansen.playground.MyException2" key ="errors.exception2" path="/error.jsp"/> <... Read More

Request Processor. Read More

Few Disadvantage are mentioned in the below link. Struts have disadvantages mainly on performance of the application. Especially when using advanced tag like nested-loop etc, Resulting in creating many Forms object then required. http://www... Read More

In Jakarta Struts - you may be knowing that - both are custom tags defined in HTML Tag library. Both are used for accessing Java beans. Bean:Message - is to access a java bean that will display a message such as " For more details on the... Read More

Struts implements the MVC/Layers pattern through the use of ActionForwards and ActionMappings to keep control-flow decisions out of presentation layer. Read More

When the requested variable does not contain any information, (null or empty) then this tag is used to know the contents present in the other body parts of the tag. If the tag is nested then it is advisable to use this tag as it may contain a bit of... Read More

The ActionServlet plays the role of controller wich is responsible for handling the request and selecting the correct Application Module and storing ApplicationConfig and MessageResource bundle in the request object. If we modify the... Read More

The MVC design pattern is very simple to understand but much more difficult to live with. You just need this little bit of Business Logic in the View logic or you need just that little bit of View logic in the Business tier and pretty soon you have a... Read More

Ecclipse work bench provides <add struts capabilities> option to any web project.building struts application becomes very easy with the GUI provided and drag drop feature of struts-config file. The best plug-in available is My-ecllipse . Read More

In struts-config.xml we define Date Sources / Form Beans / Global Exceptions / Global Forwards / Action Mappings / Message Resources / Plug-ins Example : <!-- Date Sources --> <data-sources> <data-source autoCommit="false"... Read More

The < html: javascript > tag to allow front-end validation based on the xml in validation.xml. For example the code: < html:javascript formName=logonForm dynamicJavascript=true staticJavascript=true / > generates the client side java... Read More

Message Resources Definitions file are simple .properties files and these files contains the messages that can be used in the struts project. Message Resources Definitions files can be added to the struts-config.xml file through < message... Read More

ActionForm class is used to capture user-input data from an HTML form and transfer it to the Action Class. ActionForm plays the role of Transport Vehicle between the presentation Tire & Business Tier. Life Cycle : 1. Request received by... Read More

1. tiles-def.xml tiles-def.xml is used as a configuration file for an appliction during tiles development You can define the layout / header / footer / body content for your View. Eg: <tiles-definitions> <definition name="siteLayoutDef"... Read More

Struts Navigation flow. 1) A request is made from previously displayed view. 2) The request reaches the ActionServlet which acts as the controller .The ActionServlet Looksup the requested URI in an XML file (Struts- Config.xml) and determines... Read More

Struts is a java framework based on Model 2 architecture of JSP or popularly called Model-View-Controller architecture.It provides a controller for this architecture. Submitted by Praveen Babu ( kbabu @ bodhtree . com ) BodhTree Read More

In the MVC design pattern, application flow is mediated by a central Controller. The Controller delegates requests to an appropriate handler. The handlers are tied to a Model, and each handler acts as an adapter between the request and the Model. The... Read More

You can submit a form with a link as below. BTW, the examples below assume you are in an block and 'myForm' is picked up from the struts-config.xml name field of the action. <a href='javascript:void(document.forms["myForm"].submit(... Read More

<b>Use the Action Token methods to prevent duplicate submits</b>: <P> There are methods built into the Struts action to generate one-use tokens. A token is placed in the session when a form is populated and also into the HTML form... Read More

The Struts distribution includes four tag libraries for the JSP framework (in struts-config.xml) : * Bean tag library [ struts-bean. tld ] : Contains tags for accessing JavaBeans and their properties. Developers can also define new beans and set... Read More

Because the designers want to remind us of the invisible underpinnings that hold up our houses, buildings, bridges, and ourselves when we are on stilts. This excellent description of Struts reflect the role the Struts plays in developing web... Read More

Here is the code of Action Class that returns the ActionForward object. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org. apache.struts.action.Action; import org.apache.struts.action... Read More

Struts Framework provides the functionality to validate the form data. It can be use to validate the data on the users browser as well as on the server side. Struts Framework emits the java scripts and it can be used validate the form data on the... Read More

One simple and general way is by using session Object. In specific, we can pass this by using request Object as well. Submitted by Sagar GV (mydearsagar@yahoo.com) _________ Read More

These are the following steps which are to be carried for validating client side address they are: - 1) Validator plug in should be enabled to the system to start the process of validation. 2) A message resource should be created which can... Read More

The Validator Framework uses two XML configuration files validator-rules.xml and validation.xml. The validator-rules.xml defines the standard validation routines, these are reusable and used in validation.xml. to define the form specific validations.... Read More

Library tag is a very powerful tag which is used to write code for Java beans programs. This tag gives a special permission to read and write the content of beans without any special form of embedded java code in the application. Read More

Tiles help the developer to create a template and a validator framework. If a developer is planning to develop a website where there would be almost 500 pages of static content and additional dynamic content then it is recommended for him to use... Read More

Tiles are useful in creating web applications. Some of the steps are 1) Adding the TLD to the web.xml file so that the application know about the librarys we are using. 2) A layout should be created with the help of JSP. 3) Designed and... Read More

Org. apache.struts.upload.Formfile is known to be foremost interface for the upload function. This represents the files which have been uploaded by the client. Struts application directly references this interface. This class helps you in uploading... Read More

Org. apache.struts.actions.Dispatchaction interface gives the user to collect all the information and functions into a single action file. This interface is very useful because it helps you in developing a common action for all the functions. Read More

struts-html. tld --struts-bean.tld --struts-logic.tld Read More

The new features added to Struts 1.1 are 1. RequestProcessor class 2. Method perform() replaced by execute() in Struts base Action Class 3. Changes to web. xml and struts-config.xml4.Declarative exception handling5.Dynamic ActionForms6.Plug-ins7... Read More

In struts the first to recieve the request is Actionservlet. So, there is no chance for you to make changes before Read More

Using the validate() method of the ActionForm class, the values filled in the form will be validated in the case there is no JavaScript for validating the form. Read More

The problem with ReloadAction was that Struts was trying to act like a container, but it couldn't do a proper job of it. For example, you can't reload classes that have been modified, or (portably) add new classes to a running web... Read More

An Action class is some thing like an adapter between the contents of an incoming HTTP request and the corresponding business logic that should be executed to process this request. The controller (RequestProcessor) will select an appropriate Action... Read More

Struts is mainly famous for its Action Controller - which is nothing but the CONTROLLER part of MVC Pattern. To add up, Struts is the framework which started mainly using the MVC-2 Pattern where in the Business logic is STRICTLY SEPARATED from the... Read More

Apache is used for developing Java web applications. It has garnished huge popularity because open source web framework. It encourages developers to implement MVC architecture. It became a top priority project within the Apache Foundation... Read More

Struts is a web page development framework and an open source software that helps developers build web applications quickly and easily. Struts combines Java Servlets, Java Server Pages, custom tags, and message resources into a unified framework.... Read More

Java Servlets are designed to handle requests made by Web browsers. Java ServerPages are designed to create dynamic Web pages that can turn billboard sites into live applications. Struts uses a special Servlet as a switchboard to route requests... Read More

Several ways. The similar to the ways session tracking is enabled. Using cookies, URL-rewriting, SSLSession, and possibilty threw in the database. Read More

1. We can seperate the business logic from presentation logic 2.It facilitates to write the java code inside a html environment if we use servlets then we need to write the html tags inside out.write() number of times. it is not possible in... Read More

There is no differnece between these two classes.All the behavior of ActionErrors was copied into ActionMessages and vice versa. This was done in the attempt to clearly signal that these classes can be used to pass any kind of messages from the... Read More

Struts Configuration File ActionServlet RequestProcessor ActionForm Action ActionFroward ActionMapping ActionErrors Read More

NO. Struts does not provide default support for Validator and Tiles. Additional plugins are required for the purpose Read More

The core classes of struts are ActionForm, Action, ActionMapping, ActionForward etc. Read More

Tiles allow template mechanism to be present in your components. You can compose a presentation layer from different components such as footer, header and content components. This form of composition helps in validating web forms much easier. Read More

Message resources are used to generate error messages they are primarily used by the validator framework. Lines of code or rules should be entered in the following lines which is StrutsstrutsinfowebWEB-INF MessageResources.properties file. Read More

Struts separates three process they are separating the model from view that is it separates the application logic from the HTML page which is used to represent the logic. Secondly it separates the message routing function which transmits information... Read More

Unfortunately, there is some disagreement between the various browsers, and different versions of the same browser, as to how the focus can be set. The <html:form> tag provides a quick and easy JavaScript that will set the focus on a form for... Read More

This tag is present in the HTML library provided by Struts. This tag informs the browser to pretend that the original tag is located at somewhere other than the current url. This tag is responsible in creating a base tag which gives a false... Read More

First, it's important to remember that Struts is an all-volunteer project. We don't charge anyone anything to use Struts. Committers and other developers work on Struts because they need to use it with their own applications. If others can... Read More

he Struts package comes complete with a Users Guide to introduce people to the framework and its underlying technologies. Various components also have their own in-depth Developers Guide, to cover more advanced topics. Comprehensive Javadocs are... Read More

Yes. Define the element as an array and Struts will autopopulate it like any other. private String[] id= {}; public String[] getId() { return this.id; } public void setItem(String id[]) {this.id = id;} And so forth Read More

We can call EJB from struts by using the service locator design patteren or by Using initial context with create home object and getting return remote referenc object. Submitted by Pankaj Kumar ( pakumar@omniglobeinternational.com ) Read More

An Action is an adapter between the contents of an incoming HTTP request and the corresponding business logic that should be executed to process this request. The controller (RequestProcessor) will select an appropriate Action for each request,... Read More

Question : Is struts XHTML supportive?. What are the helper files in the form of JSPs available in struts? What is the difference between Struts 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3?          Answers: No answer available... Read More

Sturts framework use 2 types of configuration files: web.xml & struts-cofig.xmlConfiguaring web.xml for Struts is:2- steps are involved in this process1)Add . tld file in the web.xml. Eg: if you are using html file add strtus-html.tld in /WEB... Read More

here are several active committers to the Struts project, working cooperatively from around the globe. Dozens of individual developers and committers contributed to the Struts 1.x codebase. All interested Java developers are invited to contribute... Read More

If you are starting from scratch, packages like Turbine and Espresso can be very helpful since they try to provide all of the basic services that your team is likely to need. Such services include things like data persistence and logging. If you are... Read More

If you use an <html:html xhtml="true> or <html:xhtml/> element on your page, the tags will render as XHTML (since Struts 1.1). Read More

Since Struts 1.1, the framework supports multiple application modules. All applications have at least one root, or default, module. Like the root directory in a file system, the default application has no name. (Or is named with an empty string,... Read More

The utilities that Struts uses (Commons-BeanUtils since 1.1) require that ActionForm properties follow the JavaBean patterns for mutators and accessors (get*,set*,is*). Since Struts uses the Introspection API with the ActionForms, some containers may... Read More

Yes. The issue is that only one action class can be associated with a single form. So the real issue is how do I decode multiple submit types to a single Action class. There is more than one way to achieve this functionality. The way that is... Read More

Unfortunately, there is some disagreement between the various browsers, and different versions of the same browser, as to how the focus can be set. The <html:form> tag provides a quick and easy JavaScript that will set the focus on a form for... Read More

In Struts1.0 Dayna action is not there Read More

The Jakarta-ORO Java classes are a set of text-processing Java classes that provide Perl5 compatible regular expressions, AWK-like regular expressions, glob expressions, and utility classes for performing substitutions, splits, filtering filenames,... Read More

Requests from the client are always sent to the controller defined in a configuration file in the form of ?actions?. When the controller receives such a call from a specific file it calls for a corresponding ?action? class. This action class in turn... Read More

Struts is a very efficient language to build front end applications for Java. This language is facing tough competition from building Java components and web forms validation with much more easier and efficient form of frameworks such as Stripes,... Read More

User interfaces are created with the help of struts HTML tag Library. If you wish to use a HTML tag to your code then it is imperative that you add this tag to your Java server pages. All tags present in the library are available for creating user... Read More

Struts are used to separate the three core functions of a web program. It separate`s the client, user, and the data transfer pattern in between the whole processes. It gives much more flexibility to the developer as it increases the security and... Read More

This tag is used whenever the requested variable has a value which is present in the sub string. To evaluate the contents present in the nested tag, logic match is used. This tag is used when the requested value is present in the tag of the variable... Read More

Struts is hosted by the Apache Software Foundation(ASF) as part of its Jakarta project, like Tomcat, Ant and Velocity. Read More

No. Struts is available for commercial use at no charge under the Apache Software License. You can also integrate the Struts components into your own framework just as if they were written in house without any red tape, fees, or other hassles. Read More

The role played by Structs is controller in Model/View/Controller(MVC) style. The View is played by JSP and Model is played by JDBC or generic data source classes. The Struts controller is a set of programmable components that allow developers to... Read More

ApplicationResources.properties struts-config.xml These two files are used to bridge the gap between the Controller and the Model. Read More

The Struts is not only thread-safe but thread-dependent(instantiates each Action once and allows other requests to be threaded through the original object. ActionForm beans minimize subclass code and shorten subclass hierarchies The Struts tag... Read More

The class org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet is the called the ActionServlet. In the the Jakarta Struts Framework this class plays the role of controller. All the requests to the server goes through the controller. Controller is responsible for... Read More

The Action Class is part of the Model and is a wrapper around the business logic. The purpose of Action Class is to translate the HttpServletRequest to the business logic. To use the Action, we need to Subclass and overwrite the execute() method. In... Read More

An ActionForm is a JavaBean that extends org. apache.struts.action.ActionForm. ActionForm maintains the session state for web application and the ActionForm object is automatically populated on the server side with data entered from a form on the... Read More

It's a reference to struts in the architectural sense, a reminder of the nearly invisible pieces that hold up buildings, houses, and bridges. Read More

You need to credit Struts if you redistribute your own framework based on Struts for other people to use. (See the Apache License for details.) But you do not need to credit Struts just because your web application utilizes the framework. It's... Read More

The best place to download Struts is at struts. apache.org. The nightly builds are very stable, and recommended as the best place to start today. Read More

To develop applications with Struts, you can usually just add the Struts JAR file to your Java development environment. You can then start using the Struts classes as part of your own application. A blank Struts application (in the webapps directory,... Read More

no it is not possible Read More

When you are compiling an application that uses the Struts classes, you must have the "struts.jar" on the classpath your compiler sees -- it does not have to be on your CLASSPATH environment variable. Why is that an important distinction? Because... Read More

No,not possible beacause web servers are strictly denoting the directory structure and names .so that it will recognise that lib is a directory having library files Read More

Struts currently has two testing environments, to reflect the fact that some things can be tested statically, and some really need to be done in the environment of a running servlet container. For static unit tests, we use the JUnit framework. The... Read More

Development of both products began about the same time. Leading up to the release of 1.0, it was thought better to continue to develop the taglibs alongside the controller. Now that 1.0 is out, the JavaServer Pages Standard Taglib is in active... Read More

Struts itself is markup neutral. The original Struts taglibs are only one example of how presentation layer components can access the framework. The framework objects are exposed through the standard application, session, and request contexts, where... Read More

JSTL, the JavaServer Standard Tag Library, is a set of JSP tags that are designed to make it easier to develop Web applications. JavaServer Faces (JSF) is a specification for a new technology that promises to make it easier to write MVC applications,... Read More

The framework grew in the telling and, as it evolved, some of the names drifted. The good thing about a nightly build, is that everything becomes available to the community as soon as it is written. The bad thing about a nightly build is that things... Read More

A problem with a checkbox is that the browser will only include it in the request when it is checked. If it is not checked, the HTML specification suggests that it not be sent (i.e. omitted from the request). If the value of the checkbox is being... Read More

Struts is designed to encourage a Model 2/MVC architecture. But there is nothing that prevents you from using Model 1 techniques in your JavaServer Pages, so the answer to the question is "Yes, you can". Though, using Model 1 techniques in a Struts... Read More