DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING Presentation Seminar

[born_for seminars]

ABSTRACT:

This paper narrates the splendid restoration and enhancement techniques used to explore the controversial image “face on mars”, taken by MGS spacecraft .This image arose world wide controversies and anxiety among the public. The image collected from cydonia in MARS could be an evidence for the presence of MARTIANS (If the land form is alien made). The enhancement techniques depicted in this paper created much interests among the scientific community involved in space exploration.
This paper throws light on the procedures followed to restore and enhance the image collected from MARS.
It provides information about downsizing, interpolation, and filtering techniques used to enhance “face on mars” with respective ALGORITHMS. This paper also displays images describing the procedures collected from numerous resources. The filtering techniques used in this paper were verified using the new version of ADOBE photo shop.
Though this paper restricts itself to space exploration, the techniques used in this paper can be extended to BIO-MEDICAL applications, BIOMETRICS, ARTIFACTS exploration etc. Several papers are released in every international meet approving or disproving the techniques mentioned in this paper to enhance “face on Mars”. However, these techniques are now widely in practice.
“FACE ON MARS!”
IMAGE RESTORATION AND ENHANCEMENT OF ALIEN TOPOGRAPHY (DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING)

IMAGE ENHANCEMENT OF ALIEN TOPOGRAPHY
(Digital Image processing)




INTRODUCTION:

Digital image processing is an indispensable procedure to explore the hidden information from the visual data. One of the earliest applications of this process was to retrieve digitized newspaper pictures sent through undersea cables between London and New York in early 1920’s. Several improvements were made in this field by coding information in several brightness levels. Work on improving images from a space probe began at jet propulsion lab in 1964, for restoring images taken from moon. This paper restricts itself with the techniques of restoration and enhancement of digital images taken by space surveyors like the one to mars.


DIGITAL IMAGE REPRESENTATION:

Any image refers to two-dimensional light intensity function f(x, y) where x and y are special co-ordinates with their origin at left top end of the image. The value of f at any point is proportional to the brightness of the image at that point. Thus any digital image can be considered as a matrix whose row and column indices represent a point in the image and the corresponding matrix element value represent the gray level at the point. The elements of such a digital image are called picture elements or PIXELS.

DIGITIZERS: It converts an image into numerical information suitable for input into a digital computer. This is a very important device in image processing (eg: Image scanners, video grabbers).



ENHANCEMENT OF IMAGES OF MARTIAN SURFACE:

Several techniques are followed to explore and restore information from images obtained from space probes. The following is the technique used to restore the image “FACE ON MARS”.

Step 1:

The first step in the enhancement of an image is the selection of database with which the enhancement must be made. In the case of images obtained at cydonia in mars. The enhanced version had much information than the raw one. In reality most of the comparisons made don’t use the raw data either, they use the processed enhancements called as “cat box” or “TJP” already present at JPL (Jet propulsion lab, U.S).

The actual “raw” data (shown below) is very badly underexposed and uniform that it is almost useless as a basis for enhancement but the subsequent processed versions of NASA are better.